"Our present behaviour totally discredits the values of unity, dignity and work on which our Central African nation is founded," the 10-member bishops' conference said in a Jan. 8 pastoral message.
"We are offering a deplorable image of both ourselves and our country, as we destroy the few infrastructures still remaining to us. The record is appalling."
The bishops said Christmas had been marked by "weeping and mourning," with several towns "particularly traumatized by fratricidal violence."
They added that clashes between the rebel Seleka alliance, which seized power in March, and a northern-based movement, Anti-Balaka, loyal to ousted President Francois Bozize, had provoked "a cycle of reprisals and counter-reprisals," but said it was wrong to portray the conflict as pitting Muslims against Christians.
"Not all Anti-Balaka are Christians, and not all Christians are Anti-Balaka — it is the same with Seleka and Muslims," the bishops said.
"The imprecise terminology which turns Anti-Balaka into a Christian militia must be corrected. This amalgam, propagated by the national and international media, gives a confessional slant to a conflict which is, above all, political and military."
Central African Republic, population 4.4 million, is about 85 per cent Christian and 12 per cent Muslim.
French paratroopers arrived Dec. 8 under a UN mandate to help disarm Seleka and Anti-Balaka militants, after fighting in the capital, Bangui, left approximately 1,000 dead.
The United Nations said Jan. 7 the country is "on the brink of catastrophe," with 2.2 million people needing assistance and half of Bangui's inhabitants, or 513,000 people, forced to flee their homes.
In their message, the bishops said they were grateful to French and African peacekeepers attempting, "at the cost of their lives," to re-establish security and public order. However, they added that they hoped the participation of troops from neighbouring Chad, whose government has been accused of backing Seleka, would be reconsidered, and they said the crisis would not be resolved "without the people of Central Africa."
"Everyone must share responsibility in this crisis, which has thrown our country into chaos and turned us against each other," said the message, co-signed by the bishops' conference president, Archbishop Dieudonne Nzapalainga of Bangui, and vice president, Bishop Nestor-Desire Nongo Aziagbia of Bossangoa.
"The government must also assume its responsibilities before the nation and history. One cannot rule a people with trickery, manipulation and lying," the bishops added.
The bishops said Seleka had promised to "consolidate national unity, reinforce social cohesion and ensure good governance through the fair redistribution of national riches." However, they added that the movement, "largely sustained by Chadian and Sudanese mercenaries," had instead "plunged the country into desolation" and turned killing into "a banal and anodyne act." As conditions for peace, they said the mercenaries should be demobilized and repatriated, and a national army should be re-established to protect the country's territory and personal security.
They added that elections should also be organized quickly, with an independent international commission set up to investigate human rights violations.
All factions should be disarmed, the bishops said, and dialogue promoted among adherents of all religious faiths.
On Jan. 7, Nzapalainga was one of several Christian and Muslim leaders from Central African Republic who participated in a conference call hosted by Rashad Hussain, U.S. special envoy to the Organization of Islamic Co-operation. U.S. religious leaders also participated.
A State Department statement said both sides agreed to continue the discussion, to work together to increase education and training on reconciliation and peacebuilding and to seek opportunities to support the travel of religious leaders to Central African Republic.