Oblate Brother Anthony Kowalczyk, who was born in Poland but died in Edmonton in 1947, was one of the seven recognized by the Pope March 27. Brother Kowalczyk spent the last three-and-a-half decades of his life working as a blacksmith and gardener at a frontier school in western Canada.

Also among the seven was Mexican Father Moses Lira Serafin, founder of the Missionaries of Charity of Mary Immaculate, who died in 1950.

Now recognized as "venerable," each is eligible for beatification if a miracle can be attributed to his intercession.

An Italian priest who died in a Nazi concentration camp and two victims of Soviet-bloc regimes during the Cold War were among those recognized as martyrs by Pope Francis March 27.

According to a statement released by the Vatican March 28, the Pope authorized decrees stating that Franciscan Father Giuseppe Girotti, an opponent of Italy's fascist government who died at Dachau in 1945, was killed "in hatred of the faith." Pope Francis likewise recognized the martyrdom of Romanian Father Vladimir Ghika and Hungarian Salesian Brother Stephen Sandor, who were killed by their country's communist regimes, in 1954 and 1953, respectively.

The decrees prepare the way for the martyrs' beatification, probably later this year.

Pope Francis authorized the Congregation for Saints' Causes to promulgate equivalent decrees for Rolando Rivi, an Italian seminarian killed by communist partisans in 1945, during the last days of the Second World War; and for 58 persons, including the bishop of Jaen, killed between 1936 and 1938 during the Spanish Civil War.

The Church normally requires a miracle to be attributed to the intercession of a deceased Catholic before he or she may be beatified, but that requirement does not apply to recognized martyrs. A miracle is required before any blessed may be canonized.

Also on March 27, Pope Francis recognized a miracle attributed to German Sister Maria Teresa Bonzel, founder of the Sisters of St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration, who died in 1905.